Ọkpụkpọ nchara enweghị nkebi dị na ngwaahịa
A naghị eji ọkpọkọ ígwè eme ihe maka ibufe mmiri na ihe siri ike powdery, na-agbanwe ike ọkụ, imepụta akụkụ igwe na arịa, kamakwa ígwè akụ na ụba. Iji ígwè ọkpọkọ na-eme ka ụlọ Ọdịdị okporo, ogidi na n'ibu nkwado nwere ike ibelata ibu, zọpụta metal site 20 ~ 40%, na-aghọta ulo oru na mechanized ewu. Ịmepụta okporo ụzọ awara awara na ọkpọkọ ígwè nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ịchekwa ígwè ma mee ka ihe owuwu dị mfe, kamakwa ọ na-ebelata ebe mkpuchi mkpuchi ma chekwaa ego na ụgwọ ọrụ. Enwere ike kewaa ọkpọkọ ígwè ụzọ abụọ dị ka usoro mmepụta: ọkpọkọ nchara na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na ọkpọkọ ígwè welded. A na-akpọ ọkpọkọ ígwè welded dị ka ọkpọkọ welded maka mkpụmkpụ.
1. Enwere ike kewaa ọkpọkọ igwe anaghị agba nchara n'ime ọkpọkọ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, ọkpọkọ oyi na-adọkpụ, ọkpọkọ ígwè ziri ezi, ọkpọkọ gbasaa ọkụ, ọkpọkọ oyi na-ekpo ọkụ na ọkpọkọ extruded dịka usoro mmepụta.
A na-eji ọkpọkọ igwe anaghị agba nchara dị elu nke carbon steel ma ọ bụ alloy steel, nke enwere ike kewaa n'ime mpịakọta ọkụ na ntụgharị oyi (ịse).
2.A na-ekewa ọkpọkọ ígwè welded n'ime ọkụ welded ọkpọkọ, ịgbado ọkụ eletrik (na-eguzogide) ọkpọkọ na akpaka arc welded pipe n'ihi usoro ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche. N'ihi ụdị ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche, a na-ekewa ya n'ime ọkpọkọ kwụ ọtọ welded na spiral welded pipe. N'ihi njedebe njedebe ya, a na-ekewa ya na ọkpọkọ welded okirikiri na ụdị pụrụ iche (square, flat, etc.) ọkpọkọ welded.
A na-eji efere ígwè akpọrepu ọkpọkọ welded site na nkwonkwo butt ma ọ bụ spiral onuete. N'ihe banyere n'ichepụta usoro, ọ na-ekewa n'ime welded ígwè ọkpọkọ maka ala-nrụgide mmiri nnyefe, spiral onuete welded ígwè ọkpọkọ, kpọmkwem akpọrepu welded ígwè ọkpọkọ, welded ígwè ọkpọkọ, wdg enweghị nkebi ígwè ọkpọkọ nwere ike iji maka mmiri mmiri na gas pipelines. na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche. Enwere ike iji ọkpọkọ welded maka pipeline mmiri, pipeline gas, pipeline kpo oku, pipeline eletrik, wdg.
Ngwongwo igwe nke ígwè bụ ihe ntinye dị mkpa iji hụ na arụ ọrụ ikpeazụ (ihe eji arụ ọrụ) nke ígwè, nke na-adabere na ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke ígwè. Na ọkọlọtọ ọkpọkọ ígwè, dị ka ọrụ dị iche iche dị iche iche si dị, a na-akọwapụta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe (ike ike, ike na-enye ike ma ọ bụ nkwụsị mkpụrụ, elongation), ike na ike siri ike, yana ihe dị elu na okpomọkụ dị ala nke ndị ọrụ chọrọ.
Oke kachasị ike (FB) nke ihe nlere na-ebu n'oge esemokwu, kewara site na mpaghara cross-section mbụ (nke mere) nke ụdị (σ), A na-akpọ ike tensile (σ b), na N / mm2 (MPA). Ọ na-anọchi anya ikike kachasị nke ihe igwe iji guzogide ọdịda n'okpuru esemokwu.
Maka ihe igwe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, nchekasị mgbe ihe nlele ahụ nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-agbatị na-enweghị ụba (na-anọgide na-adịgide adịgide) nrụgide n'oge usoro nkwụsịtụ a na-akpọ ebe mkpụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na nrụgide ahụ na-ebelata, a ga-amata isi ihe dị elu na nke ala. Akụkụ nke mkpụrụ mkpụrụ bụ n / mm2 (MPA).
Ebe mkpụrụ nke elu (σ Su): nrụgide kachasị tupu nrụgide mkpụrụ nke ihe nlele na-ebelata maka oge mbụ; Ebe mkpụrụ osisi dị ala (σ SL): nrụgide kacha nta na ọkwa mkpụrụ mgbe anaghị atụle mmetụta mbụ ozugbo.
Usoro mgbako nke ebe mkpụrụ osisi bụ:
Ebe: FS --mkpụrụ nrụgide (mgbe niile) nke sample n'oge esemokwu, n (Newton) so - mbụ cross-ngalaba nke sample, mm2.
N'ime ule nyocha, pasent nke ogologo na-abawanye site na nlele ogologo nke ihe nlele mgbe ọ gbajisịrị na ogologo nlele mbụ a na-akpọ elongation. na σ Kwuru na%. Usoro mgbako bụ: σ = (Lh-Lo) / L0 * 100%
Ebe: LH - ogologo nlele mgbe agbajichara nlele, mm; L0 -- ogologo nlele izizi nke nlele, mm.
N'ime ule nkwụsịtụ, pasent n'etiti mbelata kachasị elu nke mpaghara mpaghara na-ebelata na dayameta na-ebelata na ebe mbụ na-agafe mgbe agbajichara ihe atụ a na-akpọ mbelata nke mpaghara. na ψ Kwuru na%. Usoro mgbako bụ nke a:
Ebe: S0 -- ebe mbụ n'ofe akụkụ nke sample, mm2; S1 -- Opekempe mpaghara oke na dayameta belatara mgbe agbajichara nlele, mm2.
A na-akpọ ike nke ihe igwe na-eguzogide nbata nke ihe siri ike. Dị ka usoro ule dị iche iche na ngwa ngwa si dị, enwere ike kewaa isi ike n'ime brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness, shore hardness, microhardness na elu okpomọkụ ike. Brinell, Rockwell na Vickers siri ike na-ejikarị maka ọkpọkọ.
Pịa bọọlụ nchara ma ọ bụ bọọlụ cemented nke nwere dayameta ụfọdụ n'ime elu nlele yana ike nnwale a kapịrị ọnụ (f), wepụ ike nnwale mgbe oge ejidere akọwapụtara, wee tụọ dayameta indentation (L) n'elu nlele. Nọmba hardness nke brinell bụ ọnụọgụ nke enwetara site n'ikewa ike nnwale site na mpaghara okirikiri nke indentation. Kwuru na HBS (bọọlụ igwe), nkeji: n / mm2 (MPA).
Ebe: F --nwale ike na-agbanye n'ime elu nke ihe nlele igwe, N; D - dayameta nke bọọlụ nchara maka ule, mm; D -- nkezi dayameta nke indentation, mm.
Mkpebi siri ike nke Brinell bụ ihe ziri ezi ma bụrụ nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, mana n'ozuzu HBS na-adabara naanị maka ihe igwe dị n'okpuru 450N / mm2 (MPA), ọ bụghị maka ígwè siri ike ma ọ bụ efere dị nro. Brinell hardness bụ nke a na-ejikarị na ụkpụrụ ọkpọkọ ígwè. A na-ejikarị dayameta ntinye aka D iji gosipụta ike nke ihe ahụ, nke nwere nghọta na adaba.
Ọmụmaatụ: 120hbs10 / 1000/30: ọ pụtara na Brinell hardness uru tụrụ site na iji a 10mm dayameta bọọlụ nchara n'okpuru omume nke 1000kgf (9.807kn) ule ike maka 30s bụ 120N / mm2 (MPA).
